Tuyere for blast furnaces



May 25, 1954 J. H. sPRow TUYERE FOR BLAST FURNACES Filed Oct. 24, 1951 INVENTOR. Job 1v H. sPeqw Patented May 25, 1954 UNITED STATES 'FATENT OFFICE 2,679,390 TUYERE FOR BLAST FURNACES John H. Sprow, Jackson, Ohio Application October 24, 1951, Scrial'No. 252,894- 1 Claim. (01. 26641) My invention relates to a tuyere for blast furposed segments. In the drawing, I have illusnaces. trated four segments II but it is to be under- It is the main object of my invention to prostood that six, eight, or any desired even number vide a tuyre for blast furnaces which will proof segments may be provided, depending someduce both a penetrating and a spreading blast so 5 what upon the cross sectional size of the tuyere; as to ensure penetration of the blast into the Each segment II has a taper from the inlet end 1 center of the material adjacent the circumferof the bore to the outlet end of the bore. The ence of the furnace in both a horizontal and a curvature transversely of each segment I I at vertical direction. the inlet end of the bore 1 is concentric with-the Another object of my invention is to provide a curvature of the other segments so that the sege tuyre which will impart a whirling action to the ments II merge with each other at such inlet end, blast so that it will be more penetrating but which as illustrated best in Figure 3, along a circle I2 is so designed that it can be cleaned without difliwhich is at the inner surface of the bore 1 and culty. which has its center at the axis I3 oi the bore. Another object of my invention is to provide However, on the other or nose end, the segments a tuyre of the type indicated above which proare not concentric, as shown best in Figure 3 duces a whirling stream that penetrates in an and Figure 5 and their respective centers are axial direction but also spreads radially subnot located on the bore axis I3.

stantially uniformly in all directions. It will be noted from Figure 5 that the centers The preferred embodiment of my invention is w, :c, y and e, of the respective curves I4 of the illustrated in the accompanying drawing wherein various segments, which are each designated W, similar characters of reference designate corre- X, Y, Z, are spaced from the axis I3 away from sponding parts and wherein: its curve in a uniform manner a distance less Figure 1 is a nose end view, taken along line than half the radius of such curve at the inlet II of Figure 2, of a tuyere made according to 5 end. Also, the radius of curvature of each curve my invention. W, X, Y, Z is greater than that of the median Figure 2 is a longitudinal sectional view taken circle I5 which has its center at axis I3. It will through the tuyre of Figure 1 along line 2-2. also be noted from Figure 5 that the radius Figure 3 is a sectional View taken along line of curvature of each segment I I at the nose end 3-3 of Figure 2 at the inlet end of the tuyere. W, X, Y and Z is displaced angularly in a clock- Figure 4 is a top view showing several tuyeres wise direction from the radius of curvature of in place in the blast furnace and the action theresuch segment at the inlet end. Thus, the radius of. of each curve I4 is such and its center is so lo- Figure 5 is a diagram illustrating the formacated that for'a portion of its extent it curves tion of the bore in the tuyere at the nose end out beyond the circle I5, and for another porthereof. tion of its extent, it curves inwardly within the With reference to the drawing, I have shown a circle I5. This relative arrangement of the curvatuyre comprising a substantially frusto-conical ture it of the various segments II at the nose hollow body 5. This body is provided with a surend of the tuyre, results in the formation of a rounding water jacket 8. An axial bore 1 is 40 radial shoulder I6 between each pair of adjacent provided in the body 5 for receiving the air blast segments I I. This shoulder I 5, as shown in Figand directing it into the furnace. The bore 1 ure 2, is of maximum inward extent or height at extends from the inlet end 8 to the nose or outthe nose end of the bore 1 and gradually dilet end 9. The body 1 tapers or converges from minishes in extent until the inlet end of the the inlet end 8 to the outlet end 9 and the inlet 1 bore is reached where it disappears and, as preend is provided with an inwardly angled surface viously indicated, the adjacent segments II merge I0 leading into the bore 1. with each other. Thus, each segment II The inner wall surface of the body 5 of the tapers from one end of the bore 1 to the other tuyere, that is, the surface of the bore 1 is divided and, in efiect, tapers transversely and inwardly into blast-directing segments I I which extend towards the bore axis I3 in a counterclockwise dithe full length thereof and which are disposed rection as shown in Figure 1. side-by-side around the complete circumference When the blast of air is forced into the inlet of the bore. These segments are provided in an end of the bore 1, the segments II will gradually equal number so that they are arranged in pairs, twist the stream about the axis of the bore so each pair consisting of two diametrically opthat when it is discharged from the outlet end thereof the outer border thereof will have a whirling motion. This whirling motion will give a deeper penetration towards the vertical axis of the blast furnace B as shown in Figure 4. Because of the gradual taper in both the longitudinal and transverse directions, the bore will accept the blast with very little resistance. The air will not only penetrate towards the axis of the furnace, because of the whirling or twisting action, but will spread outwardly, as indicated in Figure 4, because of the diverging surfaces of the opposed segments H which, as previously indicated, are arranged in pairs. The transverse taper of the segments can be made left or right so that the whirling or twisting action of the stream or blast can be made clockwise or counterclockwise. As viewed in Figure 2, the twisting will be in a counterclockwise direction. This tuyere arrangement provides a concentrated stream of air at the four points C where the opposed segments H converge as well as a stream with a spreading effect at the four diverging points D which will be on the outer border of the air stream. Each segment ll tends to concentrate and spread the air at the precise points indicated and the result is a stream or blast which has both a penetrating and a spreading effect, the spreading effect being uniform in all directions regardless of the position to which the tuyere body 5 is rotated about its axis as it is set in the ing action is produced on the stream, this is accomplished without the use of helical ribs which would make cleaning more diflicult.

furnace B. Although a twist- Various other advantages will be apparent.

I claim:

A tuyere comprising a body portion having a bore extending therethrough and which tapers inwardly towards its axis from its inlet end to its nose end, a series of segmental surfaces arranged in pairs of diametrically opposed surfaces formed on the interior of the body and disposed side-by-side completely around the surface of the bore, said segmental surfaces being concentric at the inlet end on the axis of the bore but each surface having its center of curvature spaced uniformly outwardly from the axis away from the curve a distance less than half the radius of curvature of such surface at the inlet end of the bore and its radius of curvature being displaced angularly in a clockwise direction from the radius of curvature of said surface at the inlet end so that a radial shoulder is provided between adjacent segmental surfaces, said shoulder decreasing in radial extent from the nose end of the bore to the inlet end thereof.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 

